[16] Two years later, Kuan Wang and coworkers identified a doublet band on electrophoresis gel corresponding to a high molecular weight, elastic protein which they named titin. [25] Titin consists primarily of a linear array of two types of modules, also referred to as protein domains (244 copies in total): type I fibronectin type III domain (132 copies) and type II immunoglobulin domain (112 copies). However, this name, proposed by B. Dybowski, was invalidated by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature in 1929 after being petitioned by Mary J. Rathbun to take up the case.[24]. [25] The genus name Parapropalaehoplophorus is two letters longer, but does not contain a similarly long species name. [14][19], The human gene encoding for titin is located on the long arm of chromosome 2 and contains 363 exons, which together code for 38,138 residues (4200 kDa). [34] Domain duplication was facilitated by the fact that most domains are encoded by single exons. The longest place name in the United States (45 letters) is Char­gogga­gogg­man­chau­ggagogg­chau­buna­gunga­maugg, a lake in Webster, Massachusetts. Guinness World Records formerly contained a category for longest personal name used. It is homologous to vertebrate titin I-band and contains Ig PEVK domains, the many repeats being a hot target for splicing. The following table lists the known titin isoforms: Titin is the largest known protein; its human variant consists of 34,351 amino acids, with the molecular weight of the mature "canonical" isoform of the protein being approximately 3,816,188.13 Da. In English, it has an identity of a Longest Word of 189,819 Characters . [29] The longest hyphenated names in the U.S. are Winchester-on-the-Severn, a town in Maryland, and Washington-on-the-Brazos, a notable place in Texas history. Under the long number scale, it would be 106(6560) = 1039360. isoleucine" … Titin / ˈ t aɪ t ɪ n /, juga dikenal sebagai konektin, adalah suatu protein yang pada manusia, dikodekan oleh gen TTN. [30] It has 26 letters and is a Pitjantjatjara word meaning "where the Devil urinates".[31]. In nature, DNA molecules can be much bigger than protein molecules and therefore potentially be referred to with much longer chemical names. Zhixia Zhong, ... Kris Noel Dahl, in Methods in Cell Biology, 2010. [30] The N-terminal (the Z-disc end) contains a "Z repeat" that recognizes Actinin alpha 2.[31]. As it appears nowhere else except in reference to this passage, it is generally not accepted as a real word. The longest published word, Acetylseryltyrosylseryliso...serine, referring to the coat protein of a certain strain of tobacco mosaic virus (P03575), is 1,185 letters long, and appeared in the American Chemical Society's Chemical Abstracts Service in 1964 and 1966. Aequeosalinocalcalinoceraceoaluminosocupreovitriolic, at 52 letters, describing the spa waters at Bath, England, is attributed to Dr. Edward Strother (1675–1737). a guest . A Physical Map of the 1-Gigabase Bread Wheat Chromosome 3B, Methionylthreonylthreonylglutaminylalanyl...isoleucine, Lopadotemachoselachogaleokranioleipsano...pterygon, Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis, pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis, Lopado­temacho­selacho­galeo­kranio­leipsano­drim­hypo­trimmato­silphio­karabo­melito­katakechy­meno­kichl­epi­kossypho­phatto­perister­alektryon­opte­kephallio­kigklo­peleio­lagoio­siraio­baphe­tragano­pterygon, Para­stratio­sphe­com­yia sphe­com­yioi­des, International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Tau­mata­whaka­tangi­hanga­koau­auota­matea­pokai­when­uaki­tana­tahu, Llan­fair­pwll­gwyn­gyll­gogery­chwyrn­drob­wlll­lanty­silio­gogo­goch, Dysart, Dudley, Harcourt, Guilford, Harburn, Bruton, Havelock, Eyre and Clyde, Char­gogga­gogg­man­chau­ggagogg­chau­buna­gunga­maugg, Learn how and when to remove this template message, List of the longest English words with one syllable, Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Donau­dampf­schiffahrts­elektrizitäten­haupt­betriebs­werk­bau­unter­beamten­gesellschaft, "Reading The Longest English Word (190,000 Characters)", "World's longest word takes 3.5 hours to pronounce", Merriam Webster: Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious, Merriam Webster: "Antidisestablishmentarianism is not in the dictionary. In his play Assemblywomen (Ecclesiazousae), the ancient Greek comedic playwright Aristophanes created a word of 171 letters (183 in the transliteration below), which describes a dish by stringing together its ingredients: Other giant sarcomeric proteins made out of Fn3/Ig repeats include obscurin and myomesin. After 1985 Guinness briefly awarded the record to a newborn girl with a longer name. More familiarly, the addition of numerous "great"s to a relative, such as "great-great-great-great-grandparent", can produce words of arbitrary length. Not a member of Pastebin yet? Variability in the I-band region contributes to the differences in elasticity of different titin isoforms and, therefore, to the differences in elasticity of different muscle types. [47] Further research also suggests that no genetically linked form of any dystrophy or myopathy can be safely excluded from being caused by a mutation on the TTN gene. In the mature myofibril, titin molecules span from … The chemical formula is: C 132983 H 211861 N 36149 O 40883 S 693. The longest word in English has 189,819 letters and would take you about two hours to mumble through. The word was deliberately coined to be the longest word in English, and has since been used[citation needed] in a close approximation of its originally intended meaning, lending at least some degree of validity to its claim.[6]. [21] All but one of these isoforms are in the range of ~27,000 to ~36,000 amino acid residues in length. In his play Assemblywomen (Ecclesiazousae), the ancient Greek comedic playwright Aristophanes created a word of 171 letters (183 in the transliteration below), which describes a dish by stringing together its ingredients: Henry Carey's farce Chrononhotonthologos (1743) holds the opening line: "Aldiborontiphoscophornio! Centriole staining in human, mouse and zebrafish cells", "Nature of PEVK-titin elasticity in skeletal muscle", "Properties of titin immunoglobulin and fibronectin-3 domains", "D-Titin: a giant protein with dual roles in chromosomes and muscles", "Extensive and modular intrinsically disordered segments in C. elegans TTN-1 and implications in filament binding, elasticity and oblique striation", "Human autoantibodies reveal titin as a chromosomal protein", "Whole-exome sequencing identifies a potential TTN mutation in a multiplex family with inguinal hernia", "Familial dilated cardiomyopathy locus maps to chromosome 2q31", "Tibial muscular dystrophy is a titinopathy caused by mutations in TTN, the gene encoding the giant skeletal-muscle protein titin", "HEART DISEASE. Pronunciation of titin with 2 audio pronunciations, 2 meanings, 6 translations, 1 sentence and more for titin. [22] Its mouse homologue is even larger, comprising 35,213 amino acids with a MW of 3,906,487.6 Da. It's Hard to Say", "Science Links Japan | Two Unique Aftercataracts Requiring Surgical Removal", "Dictionary entry for monimolimnion, a word that, at 13 letters, is longer than any of the words linked in the source above", A Collection of Word Oddities and Trivia – Long words, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Longest_word_in_English&oldid=1005902643, Articles with dead external links from August 2010, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Articles that may contain original research from August 2017, All articles that may contain original research, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Longest known word overall by magnitudes. One who doesn’t indulge in excesses, especially food and drink; at 11 letters this is … The name is in the Māori language. References ^ Online 'Mendelian Inheritance in Man' (OMIM) 188840 ^ ExPASy-calculated pI for titin… Tau­mata­whaka­tangi­hanga­koau­auota­matea­pokai­when­uaki­tana­tahu (57 letters), which is a hill in New Zealand. The attributed meaning is "a word that you say when you don't know what to say." - Oxford Dictionaries Online, "World's longest name of an animal. [22] It has a theoretical instability index (II) of 42.41, classifying the protein as unstable. Titin is also … [60] However, lexicographers regard generic names of chemical compounds as verbal formulae rather than English words. It means "Fishing Place at the Boundaries – Neutral Meeting Grounds" and is sometimes facetiously translated as "you fish your side of the water, I fish my side of the water, nobody fishes the middle". This process can create arbitrarily long words: for example, the prefixes pseudo (false, spurious) and anti (against, opposed to) can be added as many times as desired. It is a pretty big protein, and its full chemical name is giant as well. Titin is the largest protein molecule ever discovered. This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain. Titin adalah sebuah protein raksasa, panjangnya lebih dari 1 µm, fungsinya yaitu sebagai molekul pegas yang bertanggung jawab atas elastisitas pasif otot.Protein ini terdiri dari 244 domain protein … Dec 23rd, 2015. [22] The protein's in vivo half-life, the time it takes for half of the amount of protein in a cell to break down after its synthesis in the cell, is predicted to be approximately 30 hours (in mammalian reticulocytes).[21]. Most commonly, length is based on orthography (conventional spelling rules) and counting the number of written letters. It’s the chemical name of Titin (or connectin), … [13], The longest non-technical word in major dictionaries is flocci­nauci­nihili­pili­fication at 29 letters. English Etymology. As the largest known protein, titin has the longest full chemical name. [33] At low to moderate extensions PEVK elasticity can be modeled with a standard worm-like chain (WLC) model of entropic elasticity. Why is the chemical name for Titin so long? [17], As the largest known protein, titin also has the longest IUPAC name of a protein. It is generally agreed, however, that this invented name, adopted in the mid-19th century, was contrived solely to be the longest name of any town in Britain. Titin full chemical name for copy/paste. [17], A computer study of over a million samples of normal English prose found that the longest word one is likely to encounter on an everyday basis is uncharacteristically, at 20 letters. TTN (Titin) is a Protein Coding gene. [36][37][38], Drosophila Titin, also known as Kettin or sallimus (sls), is kinase-free. [28] Drosophila projectin, officially known as bent (bt), is associated with lethality by failing to escape the egg in some mutations as well as dominant changes in wing angles. [49], Autoantibodies to titin are produced in patients with the autoimmune disease scleroderma. [26] The word is composed of the following elements: The longest officially recognized place name in an English-speaking country is Today OED and several others list it, but citations are almost always as "longest word". Titin is the third most abundant protein in muscle (after myosin and actin), and an adult human contains approximately 0.5 kg of titin. [12][8] However, the exact number of these domains is different in different species. In Māori, the digraphs ng and wh are each treated as single letters. [43], The name titin is derived from the Greek Titan (a giant deity, anything of great size). It has also been identified as a structural protein for chromosomes. Additionally, comparisons are complicated because place names may be considered words, technical terms may be arbitrarily long, and the addition of suffixes and prefixes may extend the length of words to create grammatically correct but unused or novel words. How to say titin in English? A number of titin isoforms are produced in different striated muscle tissues as a result of alternative splicing. It is attached at one end to the Z-disk (shown here at the top in blue), which organizes the thin actin filaments. Titin mutations in iPS cells define sarcomere insufficiency as a cause of dilated cardiomyopathy", "The hydrophilic domain of small ankyrin-1 interacts with the two N-terminal immunoglobulin domains of titin", "Functional defects of a muscle-specific calpain, p94, caused by mutations associated with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A", "Muscle-specific calpain, p94, responsible for limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A, associates with connectin through IS2, a p94-specific sequence", "Subcellular targeting of metabolic enzymes to titin in heart muscle may be mediated by DRAL/FHL-2", "Obscurin, a giant sarcomeric Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor protein involved in sarcomere assembly", "The NH2 terminus of titin spans the Z-disc: its interaction with a novel 19-kD ligand (T-cap) is required for sarcomeric integrity", "Solution scattering suggests cross-linking function of telethonin in the complex with titin", "Two immunoglobulin-like domains of the Z-disc portion of titin interact in a conformation-dependent way with telethonin", "Ask the experts - What is the longest English word? [61], 1bpv: TITIN MODULE A71 FROM HUMAN CARDIAC MUSCLE, NMR, 50 STRUCTURES, 1h8b: EF-HANDS 3,4 FROM ALPHA-ACTININ / Z-REPEAT 7 FROM TITIN, 1nct: TITIN MODULE M5, N-TERMINALLY EXTENDED, NMR, 1ncu: Titin Module M5, N-terminally Extended, NMR, 1tit: TITIN, IG REPEAT 27, NMR, MINIMIZED AVERAGE STRUCTURE, 1tiu: TITIN, IG REPEAT 27, NMR, 24 STRUCTURES, 1tki: AUTOINHIBITED SERINE KINASE DOMAIN OF THE GIANT MUSCLE PROTEIN TITIN, 1tnm: TERTIARY STRUCTURE OF AN IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE DOMAIN FROM THE GIANT MUSCLE PROTEIN TITIN: A NEW MEMBER OF THE I SET, 1tnn: Tertiary structure of an immunoglobulin-like domain from the giant muscle protein titin: a new member of the I set, 1ya5: Crystal structure of the titin domains z1z2 in complex with telethonin, 2a38: Crystal structure of the N-Terminus of titin, 2f8v: Structure of full length telethonin in complex with the N-terminus of titin, 2ill: Anomalous substructure of Titin-A168169, 2nzi: Crystal structure of domains A168-A170 from titin. Titin's Chemical Name (Full Form) of 189,819 … [17][18], Siegfried Labeit in 1990 isolated a partial cDNA clone of titin. Where left you Chrononhotonthologos?". It connects the Z line to the M line in the sarcomere. The idea and invention of the word is credited to songwriters Robert and Richard Sherman.
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